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为了解决在循环荷载作用下,地铁运行时可能会引起的地面环境振动及列车内部振动问题,建立了车轨耦合系统的动力学模型及有限元数值分析模型。利用有限元分析软件(ANSYS)对系统进行了模态分析与谐响应分析,得出系统的固有频率和固有振型,前六阶固有频率均小于7 Hz,且主要反映了车体和转向架的振动特性。车体竖向振动和地基反力的幅频特性曲线的分析表明在载荷频率低于1.3 Hz时,车体竖向振动幅值较大;载荷频率在10 Hz附近时,地基反力幅值较大。研究了橡胶垫刚度和阻尼对乘车舒适度和地基反力的影响。研究结果表明橡胶垫刚度越大,乘车舒适度越好、地基反力越大;橡胶垫阻尼越大,乘车舒适度越好,地基反力呈现先减小后增大的趋势。研究结果将为地铁轨道结构的选取提供理论依据。
In order to solve the ground environment vibration and train internal vibration problems that may be caused by the subway operation under cyclic loading, a dynamic model and a finite element numerical analysis model of the vehicle-rail coupling system are established. The finite element analysis software (ANSYS) was used to analyze the modal and harmonic response of the system. The natural frequencies and natural modes of the system were obtained. The first six natural frequencies were all less than 7 Hz, and mainly reflected the body and bogie Vibration characteristics. The analysis of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curves of the vehicle body vertical vibration and the foundation reaction force shows that when the load frequency is lower than 1.3 Hz, the vertical vibration amplitude of the vehicle body is larger; when the load frequency is around 10 Hz, the amplitude of the foundation reaction force is larger Big. The effects of rubber pad stiffness and damping on ride comfort and foundation reaction force are studied. The results show that the greater the rigidity of the rubber pad, the better the ride comfort, the greater the ground reaction force; the greater the damping of the rubber pad, the better ride comfort, the lower the reaction force of the foundation first and then increase. The results will provide a theoretical basis for the selection of subway track structure.