为了对交通标志可认知性的好坏加以评价,同时为交通标志的设计提供一定的依据,以实验和建模为手段,对交通标志的颜色、信息量和文字高度进行研究,利用层次分析法提出了交通标志可认知性的综合评价体系。利用该体系可以对交通标志的可视认性分为优、良、中、差、极差等5个等级。研究还发现交通标志颜色、信息量和文字三个因素中,信息量对可视认性的影响最为重要。在汉字字数少于18字,路名数少于6个时,认知时间增长趋势相对均匀,超过这一界限值,增长趋势明显。 In order to evaluate the recognizability of traffic signs and to provide some evidences for the design of traffic signs, the color, amount of information and text height of traffic signs are studied by means of experiment and modeling. By using the analytic hierarchy process Law proposed a comprehensive evaluation system of traffic sign recognizability. The system can be used to traffic sign visibility is divided into excellent, good, medium, poor, very poor and other five levels. The study also found that traffic signs color, amount of information and text three factors, the amount of information on the visibility of the most important. When the number of Chinese characters is less than 18 and the number of road names is less than 6, the trend of cognitive growth is relatively uniform. When this number is exceeded, the growth trend is obvious.