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最近人们[1-3]提出了一类反射式梯度特异材料表面系统,此系统可以高效地将入射波转换成被束缚于材料表面的表面波,这个系统成为连接行波和表面波的一座桥梁。以往人们研究梯度特异材料表面的反射特性时多是以入射平面波为主,这里我们结合实际,以入射的高斯光束作为研究对象,讨论梯度特异材料表面对其的反射特性,尤其是高斯光束的主入射角和束腰对反射行为的影响,得到了与平面波入射不同的反射现象。对于临界角为17.2°的梯度特异材料表面,束腰为4的高斯光束以主入射角分别为0°、10°、30°入射时,我们发现随着主入射角的变大,入射高斯光束转变为表面波的比例增大;而固定主入射角为30°,我们通过改变束腰,发现束腰越大,波矢分布越窄,越接近于平面波,转变为表面波的效率就越高。在数值模拟中,反射光束出现了明显的Goos-Hansen位移现象。同时还出现了类似光栅反射的特点,即分叉现象,这是由于模拟计算时网格不能无限小,梯度特异材料表面不能模拟为折射率连续变化的材料而应该是阶跃式变化的材料。由于实际制备的梯度特异材料表面是人工微结构的排列,因此微小的阶跃式变化的梯度特异材料表面更为实际。我们的工作对于利用梯度特异材料表面将入射高斯光束转变为表面波具有指导意义。
Recently, people [1-3] proposed a kind of reflective graded material-specific surface system, which can effectively transform the incident wave into a surface wave bound to the surface of the material. This system becomes a bridge connecting traveling wave and surface wave . In the past, people mainly studied the reflection characteristics of the gradient-specific material surface mainly by incident plane waves. Here, we combine the actual situation with the incident Gaussian beam as the object of study, and discuss the reflection characteristics of the gradient-specific material surface, especially the main Gaussian beam The influence of incident angle and corset on the reflection behavior is different from that of plane wave incident. For a graded material with a critical angle of 17.2 °, when the main beam is a Gaussian beam with a main beam incident angle of 0 °, 10 °, and 30 °, we find that as the main incident angle increases, the incident Gaussian beam And the ratio of surface wave to surface wave increases. The main angle of incidence is 30 °. By changing the beam waist, we find that the larger the beam waist, the narrower the wave vector distribution, the closer to the plane wave and the higher the efficiency of surface wave transformation . In the numerical simulation, the reflected light beam shows obvious Goos-Hansen displacement phenomenon. At the same time, the similar grating reflection phenomenon, that is, bifurcation phenomenon, is due to the fact that the grid can not be infinitely small during the simulation calculation. The surface of the gradient-specific material can not be simulated as a material with a continuous change of the refractive index, but should be a step-change material. Due to the fact that the gradient-specific material surfaces actually prepared are arranged in artificial microstructures, the surface of the gradient-specific material with minute step changes is more practical. Our work is instructive for the use of gradient-specific material surfaces to transform incident Gaussian beams into surface waves.