目的　提高痰液癌细胞的阳性检出率；方法　采用α－ 糜蛋白酶分解痰中粘液蛋白，３７ ℃温箱２０ ～３０ｍｉｎ 将痰液化后离心，取沉渣查痰癌细胞；结果　随机抽取１０８ 例肺癌病人的痰标本，分别用直接涂片法、浓集法检测，结果阳性率分别为３３ ．３ ％ 、７２ ．２ ％ ，经ｕ 检验，两法间具有显著性差异；结论　浓集离心法可以提高痰液癌细胞的阳性检出率。 Objective To increase the positive detection rate of sputum cancer cells by using α-chymotrypsin to decompose the mucus protein in the sputum. After licking the sputum for 20-30 min at 37 °C, the sputum was liquefied and centrifuged. The sediment was taken and cancer cells were detected; 108 lung cancer samples were randomly selected. The patient’s sputum specimens were detected by direct smear method and concentration method respectively, and the positive rate was 33. 3%, 72. 2%, by u test, there is a significant difference between the two methods; Conclusion Concentrated centrifugation can increase the positive detection rate of sputum cancer cells.