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目的:探讨母体孕期和哺乳期高蛋白饮食对子代代谢相关激素的影响。方法:雌性Wistar大鼠交配成功后(F0代),随机分为3组:ProⅠ组、ProⅡ组、ProⅢ组,分别喂以不同蛋白含量的等热卡纯化饲料:DietⅠ(蛋白质:14%;碳水化合物:69.3%,E/E)、DietⅡ(蛋白质:24%;碳水化合物:59.3%;E/E)、DietⅢ(蛋白质:34%;碳水化合物:49.3%,E/E),相应饮食贯穿孕期和哺乳期。子代(F1代)出生后3 d(P3)剔除雌性并小窝喂养,于P21断乳后均以正常标准饲料喂养至实验结束(P77)。期间采集子代P21、P49、P77血样,并检测其代谢相关激素的水平。结果:P21时点,ProⅠ组F1代血清胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)水平低于ProⅡ组(P<0.01);至P49时点,ProⅡ组、ProⅢ组IGF-1水平均高于ProⅠ组(P<0.01);至P77时点,ProⅢ组IGF-1水平为3组中最高(P<0.01)。P21时点,ProⅡ组F1代血清瘦素(Leptin)水平为3组中最高(P<0.01);P49和P77时点,ProⅠ组Leptin水平持续低于ProⅡ组和ProⅢ组(P<0.05)。ProⅢ组F1代P49时点血浆神经肽Y(NPY)水平低于ProⅠ组(P<0.01),P77时点各组无差异(P>0.05)。ProⅢ组P77时点胃促生长素(Ghrelin)水平高于ProⅠ组和ProⅡ组(P<0.01),P49时点各组无差异(P>0.05)。结论:大鼠孕期和哺乳期高蛋白饮食可引起其子代外周血中Leptin、Ghrelin、IGF-1水平升高,对外周血中NPY浓度影响较小。
Objective: To investigate the effects of high protein diet during pregnancy and lactation on hormones related to metabolism in offspring. Methods: Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: ProⅠgroup, ProⅡgroup and ProⅢgroup after the mating was successful (F0). FeedⅠ (protein: 14%; carbohydrate Diet: 29.3%, E / E) Diet II (protein: 24%; carbohydrate: 59.3%; E / E) DietIII (protein: 34%; carbohydrate: 49.3%, E / E) And lactation. The offspring (F1 generation) were sacrificed on day 3 postnatal (P3) and fed in a litter. After P21 weaning, normal standard diets were fed to the end of the experiment (P77). P21, P49 and P77 blood samples were collected from offspring during the same period and the levels of their metabolism-related hormones were measured. Results: At the time of P21, the level of serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) in ProⅠ group was lower than that in ProⅡgroup (P <0.01); the level of IGF-1 in ProⅡgroup and ProⅢgroup was higher than that in ProⅠgroup (P <0.01). At the time point of P77, Pro-IGF-1 level was the highest in the three groups (P <0.01). At the time of P21, the level of Leptin in ProⅡ group was the highest among the three groups (P <0.01). At the time point of P49 and P77, the level of Leptin in ProⅠgroup was lower than that of ProⅡand ProⅢgroups (P <0.05). The levels of plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) in ProⅢ group at P49 were lower than that in ProⅠgroup (P <0.01), but no difference at P77 (P> 0.05). The level of Ghrelin in PⅢ group was higher than that in ProⅠgroup and ProⅡgroup (P <0.01) in ProⅢgroup, but no difference in P49 group (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: High protein diet during pregnancy and lactation can cause elevated levels of Leptin, Ghrelin and IGF-1 in peripheral blood of their offsprings, with little effect on the concentration of NPY in peripheral blood.