论文部分内容阅读
心脏的听诊心脏听诊的两个基本原则是:一、听诊一定要与望诊和触诊结合起来,在有些时候还必须同时进行;二、在心周期里所发生的特殊事故,要选择地集中在适当的区域:例如,要估价第一音,要在心尖和胸骨左缘的下方,估价第二音,需在左第二和第三肋间隙。四个心瓣的解剖位置,和其听诊区是并不一样的(图2)。同时,还必须在第五听诊区(即包特金——欧勃氏区,第二主动脉瓣区)听诊,该区位于胸骨左缘第三肋间隙,大致相当于主动脉瓣的解剖位置。在听诊时,必须按着二尖办区→三尖办区→第五听诊区→肺动脉办区→主动脉办区,逐区顺序检查;但也可按相反的方向进行。这样顺序而全面地检查,可以避免遗漏。
Auscultation of the Heart The two basic principles of auscultation are: First, an auscultation must be combined with a visit and a palpation, and in some cases, it must be performed at the same time. Second, special incidents that occur during the heart cycle should be selectively focused on Appropriate areas: For example, to evaluate the first tone, to evaluate the second tone below the apical and sternal left margin, take the 2nd and 3rd intercostals space to the left. The anatomic location of the four heart valves is not the same as for the auscultation area (Figure 2). At the same time, you must also auscultation in the fifth auscultation area (ie package Tegu - Oubo area, the second aortic valve area), the area is located in the left sternal third intercostal space, roughly equivalent to the anatomy of the aortic valve . At the time of auscultation, it is necessary to follow the order of the two districts → the three districts → the fifth auscultation area → the pulmonary artery area → the aorta area, and the district-by-district examination; however, it may be conducted in the opposite direction. This order and a comprehensive examination, to avoid omissions.