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一、概况桐柏县位于河南省的南疆,南阳盆地的东缘,地处豫、鄂交界的桐柏山腹地,是老革命根据地之一。全县横跨江、淮两大流域,以固庙的西境岭和大河乡土门村的新岭为分水岭,分江、淮之水于东西。西部属于长江流域,座落在东经113°00′—113°17′和北纬32°22′—32°36′之间,总面积621平方公里,占全县总面积的32%。该流域现有耕地1.3万公顷,山地3.9万公顷,水面1.1万公顷,自然特点近似“六山二水二分田”。桐柏县长江流域内辖8个乡(镇),84个行政村,14.27万人,人口密度230人/平方公里,每人平均耕地0.09公顷。1984年每人平均收入160元左右。低于全省每人平均收入的一半。
I. Overview Tongbai County is located in southern Henan Province, Henan Province, the eastern edge of the Nanyang Basin, located in the hinterland of Tongbai Mountain at the junction of Henan and Hubei, is one of the old revolutionary base areas. The county across the river, Huai two basins to solid temple of the West Ridge and Dahe Tumen village of the new ridge as the watershed, sub-river, Huai water in the East. The western part belongs to the Yangtze River valley and lies between longitude 113 ° 00’-113 ° 17 ’and north latitude 32 ° 22’-32 ° 36’ with a total area of 621 square kilometers, accounting for 32% of the total area of the county. The basin now has 13,000 hectares of arable land, 39,000 hectares of mountainous land and 11,000 hectares of water. The natural characteristics are similar to the “six hills and two waters of two fields.” Tongbai County, the Yangtze River basin within the jurisdiction of eight townships (towns), 84 administrative villages, 142,700 people, population density of 230 people / km2, average per capita 0.09 hectares of arable land. In 1984, the average income per person was about 160 yuan. Less than half of the average income per person in the province.