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为了确定黄鲶幼鱼(黄颡鱼)饲料中精氨酸的需求量,试验配制6种等氮、等脂饲料(蛋白质45%、脂质7%),分别含6个不同梯度的精氨酸,饲料干重从1.59%~3.30%,各组间约0.4%的增加量。选取体重为2.00±0.02 g的幼鱼,随机饲喂6组不同饲料,每组3个重复,每个重复20条幼鱼,喂料2次·d-1,试验为期84 d。结果表明,饲喂含精氨酸水平2.74%的饲料,幼鱼表现出最高的增重和饲料转化率;随着饲料精氨酸水平的提高,红细胞、血红蛋白和血细胞比容显著增加(P<0.05),而血清超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和丙二醛含量下降。饲喂含精氨酸2.74%的饲料,幼鱼精氨酸酶、一氧化氮合成酶和溶菌酶活性、吞噬指数和中性粒细胞呼吸爆发均最高。各组黄颡鱼在用嗜水气单胞菌攻毒后14 d内累计死亡率没有显著差异(P>0.05)。对日粮精氨酸水平特定生长率的二次回归分析表明,最佳的日粮精氨酸需要量为日粮的2.38%(相当于日粮蛋白质的5.29%)。所以,建议日粮精氨酸浓度应该设定在2.38%~2.74%,能够提高黄鲶幼鱼生长性能、机体免疫力和抗病能力。
In order to determine the demand of arginine in the feed of yellow catfish (catfish), 6 kinds of equal nitrogen and other fat feeds (45% of protein and 7% of lipid) were prepared, each containing 6 different concentrations of arginine Acid, feed dry weight from 1.59% to 3.30%, about 0.4% increase between groups. Juvenile fish weighing 2.00 ± 0.02 g were randomly selected and fed with 6 different diets, each with 3 replicates. Each of 20 juvenile fish was fed 2 d · d -1 for 84 days. The results showed that the juvenile fish showed the highest weight gain and feed conversion rate when fed with 2.74% arginine. The erythrocyte, hemoglobin and hematocrit increased significantly with the increase of feed arginine level (P < 0.05), while serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activity and malondialdehyde content decreased. Feed 2.74% arginine-containing feed, juvenile arginase, nitric oxide synthase and lysozyme activity, phagocytic index and neutrophil respiratory burst were the highest. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in the cumulative mortality within each 14 days after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. Quadratic regression analysis of the specific growth rate of the arginine level of the diet showed that the optimal arginine requirement for diet was 2.38% of the diet (equivalent to 5.29% of the dietary protein). Therefore, the proposed arginine concentration should be set at 2.38% ~ 2.74%, can improve the growth performance of yellow catfish juveniles, body immunity and disease resistance.