阿片类药物对运动功能产生的影响一直是人们十分感兴趣的问题。早在本世纪初人们就发现阿片类药物能使大鼠产生僵住症。给大鼠注射较高剂量的吗啡、美散痛、埃托啡、噻芬太尼和β-内啡肽等,可观察到明显的僵住症状。阿片类药物的僵住作用可被纳洛酮阻滞,DA 受体激动剂阿朴吗啡和DA 前体l-DOPA也能很好地逆转阿片类药物的这种作用。人们认为,阿片类药物对运动功能所产生的这种作用是与中枢多巴胺系统密切相关的。 The effects of opioids on motor function have always been of major interest. As early as the beginning of this century, people found that opioids can cause catalepsy in rats. Rats were injected with higher doses of morphine, pain, methotrexate, thiophene fentanyl, and β-endorphin, etc., observed significant symptoms of catalepsy. Opioid blockade can be blocked by naloxone, and the DA receptor agonist apomorphine and the DA precursor, l-DOPA, can also well reverse opioid effects. It is believed that this effect of opioids on motor function is closely related to the central dopamine system.