论文部分内容阅读
目的初步评估珠三角某市出厂水中化学污染物对人体健康产生的潜在风险。方法于2015年1-12月,每个季度对珠三角某市24个市政水厂的出厂水中5种基因毒物质(砷、六价铬、镉、三氯甲烷和四氯化碳)和12种躯体毒物质(铅、汞、硒、氰化物、氟化物、硝酸盐、铁、氨氮、锰、铜、锌和挥发酚)进行检测,采用美国国家环境保护局(US EPA)推荐的健康风险评价模型对上述17种化学污染物通过饮水途径所引起的健康风险做出初步评价。结果珠三角某市出厂水中17种化学污染物所引起的总健康风险为3.61×10~(-5)/a,致癌总风险为3.61×10~(-5)/a,非致癌总风险为155.02×10~(-11)/a。在致癌总风险和非致癌总风险中,枯水期均高于丰水期,普通滤池水厂均高于V型滤池水厂。个人致癌风险由高至低分别为六价铬>砷>三氯甲烷>镉>四氯化碳,个人非致癌风险由高至低分别为氟化物>硝酸盐>铅>汞>硒>氨氮>铜>铁>氰化物>锰>锌>挥发酚。结论珠三角某市出厂水中17种化学污染物对人体健康产生的个人健康风险水平均在国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)规定的最大可接受风险水平(5.0×10~(-5)/a)范围内。
Objective To assess the potential risks to human health caused by chemical contaminants in factory water in a Pearl River Delta city. Methods From January to December 2015, five genotoxic substances (arsenic, hexavalent chromium, cadmium, trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride) and 12 (Pb, Hg, Se, C, F, N, Fe, NH, Mn, Cu, Zn and Volatile Phenols) using the recommended health risks recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) The evaluation model made a preliminary assessment on the health risks caused by the above 17 chemical pollutants through drinking water channels. Results The total health risk caused by 17 chemical pollutants in the water of a certain city in PRD was 3.61 × 10 -5 / a, the total carcinogenic risk was 3.61 × 10 -5 / a. The total non-carcinogenic risk was 155.02 × 10 ~ (-11) / a. In the total carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk, the dry season is higher than the wet period, the average filter water plant are higher than the V-type filter water plant. Personal carcinogenic risk from highest to lowest were hexavalent chromium> arsenic> chloroform> cadmium> carbon tetrachloride, personal non-carcinogenic risk from high to low were fluoride> nitrate> lead> mercury> selenium> ammonia nitrogen> Copper> Iron> Cyanide> Manganese> Zinc> Volatile Phenols. Conclusion The individual health risks to human health caused by 17 kinds of chemical pollutants in factory water in a certain Pearl River Delta city are within the range of the maximum acceptable risk (5.0 × 10 -5 / a) set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Inside.