本文研究了在马铃著育种初期选择阶段中单株选择的效率。将马铃著无性系的一个随机样本种植在单株区和两次重复的五株区。收获后,由3位育种家目测评价每个小区,记录单株总块茎重和单株块茎数,从中计算平均块茎重。发现在总茎重、平均块茎重和单株块茎数方面,单株区的误差方差显著大于五株区,但是育种家目测评价两者却差异不显著。在所研究的性状中,单株区和五株区间的相关系数显著地大于零,但低于五株区两次重复间相应的相关系数。虽然研究的是无性系的一个随机样本,但在前1年每个无性系已经被育种家进行了评价。当根据前一年育种家的评分把无性系分组时,发现就育种家选择而言,单株区和五株区间的相关系数和每组平均分数呈较大的负相关。结论:单株选择通常是无效的,尤其是只研究前一年经评价为较好的无性系。 In this paper, we studied the efficiency of single plant selection in the early selection stage of bellows breeding. A random sample of boll clones was planted in a single plant plot and in five replicate plots. After harvesting, each plot was visually evaluated by 3 breeders and the total tuber weight per plant and number of tubers per plant were recorded, from which the average tuber weight was calculated. The error variance of single plant area was significantly larger than that of five plants in total stem weight, average tuber weight and number of tubers per plant, but there was no significant difference in the visual evaluation of breeders. Among the traits studied, the correlation coefficient between single plant and five plants was significantly larger than zero, but lower than the corresponding correlation coefficient between two plants in five plants. Although a random sample of clones was studied, each clone was evaluated by breeders in the previous year. When grouping clones based on the breeder’s ratings of the previous year, it was found that the correlation coefficient between plantations and the five isolates was significantly negatively correlated with the average scores per breeder for breeder selection. CONCLUSIONS: Plant selection is often ineffective, especially for the clones that were evaluated as good in the previous year.