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目的:从LASIK手术治疗高度近视远期效果观察其手术的预测性与安全性。方法:将连续随防2～3年的高度近视患者按高度近视(>-6.0D≤-10.0D),超高度近视(≥-10.25D～≤-15.0D)及极高度近视(≥-15.25D～≤-27.0D)分为3组,观察其术后裸视及术后屈光状态等进行比较分析。结果:666眼术后裸视全部优于术前,其中609眼(91.44%)达到术前最佳矫正视力(BCVA),其中有57眼(8.56%)出现欠矫与回退。高度近视组回退率为3.16%,超高度近视和极高度近视组其回退率分别为13.81%和14.82%。屈光状态在0～±0.5D有504眼(75.67%),38眼(5.71%)呈过矫状态(>+1.0D)中仅5眼低于术前BCVA一行,3眼低于术前BCVA2～3行,角膜层间混浊2眼(0.3%),眼底黄斑出血6眼(0.9%)。结论:LASIK手术治疗高度近视远期效果稳定,但由于受角膜厚度的限制,极高度近视的回退率明显增加,故认为LASIK手术最适宜-15.0D以下的高度近视。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the predictive and safety of LASIK surgery in the treatment of high myopia long-term effect. Methods: The patients with high myopia (≥ -6.0D≤-10.0D), ultra-high myopia (≥-10.25D ~ ≤-15.0D) and very high myopia (≥-15.25) D ~ ≤-27.0D) were divided into 3 groups, and their postoperative naked vision and postoperative refractive status were compared and analyzed. Results: All the 666 eyes were better than the preoperative ones. Among them, 609 eyes (91.44%) had the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), of which 57 eyes (8.56%) had undercorrection and regression. The regression rate of high myopia group was 3.16%, and the regression rates of super-myopia and very high myopia group were 13.81% and 14.82% respectively. There were 504 eyes (75.67%) in 0 ~ ± 0.5D and 38 eyes (5.71%) in overcorrection state (> + 1.0D), only 5 eyes were lower than preoperative BCVA and 3 eyes were lower than preoperative BCVA 2 ~ 3 lines, 2 corneal opacities (0.3%), 6 eyes (0.9%) with macular hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS: LASIK has a long-term effect in the treatment of high myopia. However, due to the limitation of corneal thickness, the regression rate of extremely high myopia is obviously increased. Therefore, LASIK is most suitable for high myopia of less than -15.0D.