精神发育迟滞(MentalRetardation简称MR)又名精神发育不全或智力低下等,是以智能低下和行为适应不良为其特征的一组疾病的总称。患者自幼起病,临床表现多样,致残率高,严重危害儿童的身心健康,给家庭与社会带来很大负担。本病病因复杂,涉及社会心理及生物遗传等多种因素。至今仍有20％～40％的病例无明显原因可查。国内开展的病因学研究,多局限于生物遗传方面,缺少社会 Mental Retardation (Mental Retardation referred to as MR), also known as mental retardation or mental retardation, is a group of diseases characterized by mental retardation and poor performance of the general term. Patients from the onset of childhood, clinical manifestations of diverse, high morbidity, seriously endangering children’s physical and mental health, to the family and society a great burden. The etiology of this disease is complex and involves many factors such as social psychology and biological inheritance. So far there are 20% to 40% of cases no obvious reason to check. Etiology of domestic research, mostly confined to biological genetic, the lack of community