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利用山东省５２个气象站３０年的气象资料和有关灌溉资料，研究了１５种不同灌溉模式对砂姜黑土水分状况的影响。研究表明，一般降水年和干旱年份，降水量不能满足冬小麦—夏玉米轮作制下作物对水分的需求。在无任何土壤保水措施的情况下，冬小麦在任何水文年均需灌溉，但一般年及多雨年可免浇越冬水；夏玉米需在一般降水年份和干旱年份灌溉。一般降水年和干旱年份，现有灌溉模式使冬小麦在４、５月份表现缺水，需增大这两个月灌水量。多雨年以模式１１为佳。一般年份采用模式１、３、４、５、６、７均可满足夏玉米生长发育需水量，但模式５最为节水。干旱年份，现有灌溉模式均不能满足夏玉米的需水要求，需增加苗期和抽雄期灌水量。
Using the meteorological data of 52 weather stations in Shandong Province for 30 years and the relevant irrigation data, the effects of 15 different irrigation modes on the water status of Shajiang black soil were studied. The results show that the general rainfall years and dry years, precipitation can not meet the winter wheat - summer maize crop under water demand. In the absence of any soil conservation measures, winter wheat is irrigated at any hydrological year, but annual winter and wet years are free from overwintering winter maize; summer maize is irrigated in normal precipitation and dry years. In general years of precipitation and years of aridification, the existing irrigation patterns make winter wheat show water deficit in April and May, and it is necessary to increase the amount of irrigation for these two months. Rainy years with mode 11 is better. In general years, the patterns 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 can meet the demand of summer maize growth and development, but the pattern 5 is the most water-saving. In the arid year, the existing irrigation modes can not meet the water requirement of summer maize, and need to increase the irrigation amount at seedling stage and tasseling stage.