一种语言的某一词语在另一种语言中会找到多个对应词语,多个对应词语之间形成一种同义关系。文化背景不同,这一词语与多个对应同义词的语义并非完全等同,而多个对应同义词之间也会在语义各个侧面出现细微差异。外国学生在使用汉语进行交际时,所犯错误有相当一部分来源于这类对应同义词。因此,跨文化汉语教学中的同义词差异教学显得十分重要。同义词差异教学可以从区分同义词理性意义、语法意义、修辞意义三方面的细微差异着手。 A word of a language in another language will find a number of corresponding words, a number of corresponding words form a synonymous relationship. Different cultural backgrounds, the word and multiple corresponding synonym semantics are not exactly the same, but also between multiple corresponding synonyms will appear subtle differences in all aspects of the semantics. When foreign students use Chinese to communicate, a considerable part of the mistakes they make are derived from such corresponding synonyms. Therefore, synonymous difference teaching in cross-cultural Chinese teaching is very important. Synonymous difference teaching can be distinguished from the subtle differences of the rational meaning, the grammatical meaning and the rhetorical meaning of the synonym.