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玉觿是中国古代玉器的种类之一,仿制牙饰发展而来。商代晚期开始出现,西周和春秋早期是初步发展阶段,春秋中晚期和战国是第一次发展高峰,发展至汉代达到巅峰,汉代以后几乎不见。本文从大量的考古出土材料入手,尝试对玉觿进行类型的分析,在此基础上对其分期,并总结各期的特征。同时,根据实际出土情况并结合有关文献记载,对牙形玉饰的分布、源流、用途等进行探讨。
Jade is one of the types of ancient jade in China, the development of imitation teeth. The late Shang Dynasty began to appear. The Western Zhou Dynasty and the early Spring and Early Spring were the initial stages of development. The middle and later Spring and Autumn Periods and the Warring States Period were the first developmental peaks, their peak reached the Han Dynasty, and they hardly disappeared after the Han Dynasty. This article starts with a large amount of archeological unearthed materials and tries to analyze the types of jade. Based on this, it is staged and the characteristics of each period are summarized. At the same time, according to the actual unearthed situation and the related literature records, the distribution, source and usage of tooth-shaped jade ornaments are discussed.