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Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumol on NOD-like receptor thermoprotein domain 3（NLRP3） inflammasomes, and analyze the mechanism underlying curcumol against liver fibrosis. Methods:Thirty Kunming mice were divided into a control group, a model group and a curcumol group according to a random number table, 10 mice in each group. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with 40% carbon tetrachloride（CCl4:peanut oil, 2:3 preparation） at 5 m L/kg for 6 weeks, twice a week, for developing a liver fibrosis model. The mice in the control group were given the same amount of peanut oil, twice a week for 6 weeks. The mice in the curcumol group were given curcumol（30 m L/kg） intragastrically, and the mice in the model and control groups were given the same amount of normal saline, once a day for 6 weeks. Changes in liver structure were observed by hematoxylin and eosin（HE） and Masson staining. Liver function, liver fiber indices, and the expression of interleukin（IL）-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） levels were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit. Immunoblotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR） were performed to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related molecules, TGF-βand collagen. Results: HE and Masson staining results showed that the hepatocytes of the model group were arranged irregularly with pseudo-lobular structure and a large amount of collagen deposition. The mice in the curcumol group had a significant decrease in liver function and liver fibers indices compared with the model group（P＜0.05）; RT-qPCR and Western blot results reveal that, in the curcumol group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3, IL-1β, Caspase 1 and gasdermin D decreased significantly compared with the model group（P＜0.05）; immunohistochemical results showed that in the curcumol group, the protein expression levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β decreased significantly compared with the model group（P＜0.05）.Conclusion: A potential anti-liver fibrosis mechanism of curcumol may be associated with the inhibition of NLRP3inflammasomes and decreasing the downstream inflammatory response.