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中学物理中有物理光学和几何光学两部分教学内容,其中以几何光学为重点,而透镜成像又是几何光学的重点之一。几种常见透镜成像情况,一般学生并不感困惑,笔者所述两个问题,虽有一定难度,但并非“超纲”,现剖析如下: 1、有的成像问题初看似乎要用到副光轴和焦平面知识求解,而副光轴和焦平面在现行教学大纲中是不作要求的。这时,若作出适当的假设,这类问题就可用中学已学的知识来解决。例1、如图1作出位于主轴上的P点经透镜所成的像。
There are physical optics and geometric optics teaching content in the middle school physics, which focuses on geometric optics, and lens imaging is one of the focuses of geometric optics. Several common lens imaging conditions, the general students do not feel confused, the author said that the two problems, although there is a certain degree of difficulty, but it is not “super-class”, is analyzed as follows: 1, some imaging problems appear to use secondary light at first glance The knowledge of axes and focal planes is solved, and the sub-optical axis and focal plane are not required in the current syllabus. At this time, if appropriate assumptions are made, such problems can be solved with knowledge already learned in secondary schools. Example 1, as shown in Figure 1 on the spindle P point made by the lens image.