在河道砂体内部构成的不同层次实体界面上，通常存在着４种隔挡层，即细粒物质隔挡层、泥砾隔挡层、植物碎屑隔挡层和成岩隔挡层。它们可以相互组合，构成储层流体流动单元的天然边界；同时可以与储层内部构成单位共同导致河道储层砂体的不均一性。本文详细地论述了４种隔挡层的成因、特征与分布规律。 At different levels of physical interfaces formed within the channel sand bodies, there are usually four kinds of barriers, namely, granular barriers, gravel barriers, phytolith barriers and diagenetic barriers. They can be combined with each other to form the natural boundary of flow elements in the reservoir fluid. At the same time, they can lead to the heterogeneity of reservoir sand in the reservoir along with the internal components of the reservoir. This paper discusses in detail the formation, characteristics and distribution of four barrier layers.