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目的分析昌黎县2009-2014年手足口病疫情特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对昌黎县2009-2014年手足口病发病人群特征和病原检测情况进行分析。结果 2009-2014年6年间昌黎县报告手足口病病例1 364例,其中实验室诊断88例,重症7例,死亡1例,年均发病率为40.57/10万。实验室诊断病例中,EV 71感染占54.55%,Cox A16占29.55%,其他肠道病毒占15.91%。发病年龄主要集中在5岁以下(92.38%),其中1~3岁组最多(70.38%);职业以散居儿童为主(83.58%);男女性别比为1.62∶1,男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=63.40,P<0.05)。病例散在分布于全县16个乡镇。季节分布明显,病例集中在6~9月,7月为高峰期。结论手足口病的发生有明显的年龄、性别、季节差异,发病人群主要为5岁以下儿童。今后应加强健康宣教,在流行季节来临前加强对手足口病的监测和防控。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changli County from 2009 to 2014, and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics and pathogen detection of HFMD in Changli County from 2009 to 2014. Results A total of 1 364 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Changli County in 2009-2014. Among them, 88 were diagnosed in laboratory, 7 were severe and 1 died. The average annual incidence was 40.57 / 100 000. Among the laboratory diagnosis cases, EV71 infection accounted for 54.55%, Cox A16 accounted for 29.55%, and other enteroviruses accounted for 15.91%. The age of onset was mainly below the age of 5 (92.38%), of which the highest was (70.38%) in the group of 1 to 3 years old and the majority were children in the community (83.58%). The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.62:1. Significance (χ2 = 63.40, P <0.05). Cases scattered in the county’s 16 townships. The seasonal distribution is obvious, the cases concentrated in 6 ~ September, July is the peak. Conclusion The occurrence of hand, foot and mouth disease has obvious age, sex and season difference, and the incidence is mainly for children under 5 years of age. In the future, health education should be stepped up to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease before the popular season begins.