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本文用有限元法研究钢筋混凝土拉伸及拔出试件。分析中只需根据混凝土和钢筋的基本力学指标而不必用到诸如粘结应力～滑移关系、内部裂纹分市等其他假定。将开裂后的混凝土视为正交异性体,顺裂纹方向的弹性模量取为其初始值E。沿裂纹面的剪切模量G′可以按文中方法确定,垂直裂纹方向的模量E′则可按E及G′确定。虽然在本文的有限元分析中假定混凝土与钢筋直接连接,但两种材料之间的滑移仍可以按本文方法由有限元的计算结果近似求得。文中分析了三个典型的粘结试件。埋置钢筋的总伸长及应变分布,混凝土的应变和粘结应力～滑移关系的计算结果与国外已发表的相应试验数据大致相符。
In this paper, the finite element method is used to study the tensile and pullout of reinforced concrete specimens. The analysis is based on the basic mechanical properties of concrete and steel bars without the use of other assumptions such as bond stress-slip relationships, internal crack market conditions, and so on. The cracked concrete is regarded as an orthotropic body, and the elastic modulus in the direction of the crack is taken as its initial value E. The shear modulus along the crack surface, G′, can be determined as described in the text. The modulus of the vertical crack, E′, can be determined by E and G′. Although the finite element analysis in this paper assumes that the concrete is directly connected with the steel bar, the slip between the two materials can still be obtained from the finite element calculation results by this method. Three typical bond specimens are analyzed in this paper. The calculated results of the total elongation and strain distribution of the buried steel bars, the strain of the concrete, and the bond stress-slip relationship are roughly in line with the corresponding published experimental data published abroad.