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目的了解我国献血点建设现状。方法设计专门的调查表对全国省市两级血站献血点设置、分布及献血设施设置情况进行调查。结果至2014年底,全国总计拥有献血设施2617个,3年间增幅达到了16.3%。献血设施仍以献血车为主(占比53.4%)。与2011年相比,献血车总量有所减少,但献血房车和献血屋的数量却大幅提升,尤以献血房车的增量最为可观(占比由2011年9.42%增至2014年的20.1%)。血液中心平均拥有献血设施17个,中心血站平均拥有6.5个。江苏省是拥有献血设施最多的省份。献血设施的数量与供血量成正比。各种献血设施的配比有明显的地域特点。至2014年底,全国各级血站设置的献血点达到7 808个。血液中心平均设置的献血点数远多于中心血站(分别为32.8个和21.3个),血液中心设置的固定献血点数也远多于中心血站(分别为11.4个和5.5个)。血液中心献血点分布以市内为主(占58.7%),郊县为辅,中心血站献血点的设置以郊县为主(59.3%),市内为辅。同种献血设施之间的面积差异非常显著。结论献血点的设置直接影响无偿献血事业的发展。3年间,全国血站献血设施增幅显著,献血点建设得到了迅猛发展,全国无偿献血网络已初步形成,但献血屋的规划和设置仍有较大阻力,献血点的建设仍有较大缺口。
Objective To understand the current situation of blood donation in our country. Methods A special questionnaire was designed to investigate the setting and distribution of blood donation points and the settings of blood donation facilities at provincial and municipal levels in China. Results By the end of 2014, China had a total of 2,617 blood donation facilities, an increase of 16.3% in three years. Blood donation facilities are still dominated by blood donation vehicles (accounting for 53.4%). Compared with 2011, there was a decrease in the total number of blood donation vehicles, but the number of donated motor homes and donated blood donors increased substantially. The increase in donated motor homes was the most significant (from 9.42% in 2011 to 20.1% in 2014) ). The Blood Center has an average of 17 blood donation facilities and an average of 6.5 center blood centers. Jiangsu Province is the province that has the largest number of blood donation facilities. Blood donation facilities and the amount of blood is proportional to. A variety of blood donation facilities have obvious geographical characteristics. By the end of 2014, a total of 7,808 blood donation points had been set up at blood stations across the country. There were far more blood donation points in blood centers than those in central blood centers (32.8 and 21.3 respectively). There were also more fixed blood donation points in blood centers than in central blood centers (11.4 and 5.5, respectively). The distribution of blood donation centers in the blood center is mainly in the urban area (58.7%), supplemented by suburbs and suburban counties. The blood donation center in the center is mainly set in suburban counties (59.3%), supplemented by the city. The area difference between the same blood donation facilities is very significant. Conclusion The setting of blood donation directly affects the development of unpaid blood donation. In the past three years, blood donation facilities in the blood donation stations nationwide witnessed a significant increase. The construction of blood donation points has witnessed rapid development. The nationwide blood donation network has taken shape. However, blood donation planning and setting still have great resistance. There is still a large gap in donation building.