中国城镇职工养老保险制度建立于50年代初期。1951年颁布的劳动保险条例对此作了具体规定。当时由全国总工会主管劳动保险,其中养老保险金一部分由企业直接支付,一部分由全国总工会统筹。1966年“文化大革命”后,退休费用社会统筹被取消,社会保险成为企业保险,由此造成不同企业、不同行业 China’s urban employee pension insurance system was established in the early 1950s. The labor insurance regulations promulgated in 1951 made specific provisions on this. At that time by the National Federation of trade unions in charge of labor insurance, pension insurance in part by the enterprises directly paid, in part by the National Federation of trade unions. After the “Cultural Revolution” in 1966, the social pooling of retirement expenses was canceled and social insurance became the corporate insurance, resulting in different businesses and different industries