目的 :调查分析影响新生儿低出生体重的因素 ,为预防低出生体重儿的发生提供科学依据。方法 :1∶ 1匹配病例对照研究 ,以简单四格表分析法初步筛选重要因素。 结果 :新生儿低体重与孕母孕期体重变化 (OR=3.33,P <0 .0 5 )、孕期生活事件 (OR=3.33,P <0 .0 5 )、孕前 1年月经情况 (OR=3.75 ,P <0 .0 5 )及胎龄、孕母文化程度等有关。 结论 :孕母孕期体重变化、孕期生活事件、孕前 1年月经情况及胎龄等是低体重儿发生的危险因素。 OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analyze the factors that affect the low birth weight of infants and provide a scientific basis for preventing the occurrence of low birth weight infants. Methods: 1: 1 matching case-control study, a simple four-grid analysis of the initial screening of important factors. Results: The body weight of newborns during pregnancy was lower than that of pregnant women (OR = 3.33, P <0.05), life events during pregnancy (OR = 3.33, P <0.05) , P <0. 05) and gestational age, maternal education and so on. CONCLUSION: The changes of body weight during pregnancy and pregnancy, life events during pregnancy, menstrual status at 1 year before pregnancy and gestational age are the risk factors of low birth weight infants.