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CaMKⅡ是钙/钙调蛋白激酶(Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase,CaMK)成员之一。心脏中的CaMK包括Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅳ三种类型,CaMKⅡ含量最多。CaMKⅡ单体由氨基端的催化域、中间部分的调节域和羧基端的结合域组成。钙调蛋白(calmodulin,CaM)与Ca2+结合后被激活,结合于CaMKⅡ调节域中的CaM结合区激活CaMKⅡ。CaMKⅡ富集于T管并靠近L-Ca2+通道,也存在于肌浆网和细胞核中。激活的CaMKⅡ通过多种途径调节细胞内Ca2+平衡,广泛参与心血管系统生理活动及病理变化的信号转导过程,与多种心血管系统疾病密切相关。目前研究认为,CaMKⅡ信号系统在心律失常、心肌肥厚、心力衰竭、缺血性心脏病和扩张性心肌病的发生和发展中起着重要作用。
CaMKII is a member of Ca2 + / calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK). The heart of CaMK include Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ three types, CaMK Ⅱ content. The CaMKII monomer consists of an amino-terminal catalytic domain, a regulatory region in the middle and a carboxy-terminal binding domain. Calmodulin (CaM) is activated after binding to Ca2 +, and binds to the CaM binding domain in the CaMKII regulatory domain to activate CaMKII. CaMK Ⅱ enriched in the T tube and close to the L-Ca2 + channel, also exists in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and nucleus. Activated CaMKII regulates intracellular Ca2 + balance through a variety of pathways and is widely involved in the signal transduction of cardiovascular system physiological activity and pathological changes, which is closely related to many cardiovascular diseases. The current study suggests that the CaMKII signaling system plays an important role in the development and progression of arrhythmia, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemic heart disease and dilated cardiomyopathy.