《关于建国以来党的若干历史问题的决议》正确地将新中国成立后的第一个历史时期称之为“从新民主主义到社会主义的转变”时期。这一转变的重要内容之一,即是民族资产阶级由新民主主义革命的同盟者变为社会主义革命的对象直至被消灭。探究这一时期中国共产党的民族资产阶级政策的演变,对于我们总结历史经验教训不无裨益。一建国前后的一个时期,中共党内一部分负责干部中出现了急于挤垮资本主义、消灭资产阶级的“左”倾情绪。他们认为,民族资产阶级的历史作用已经结束,今后的斗争对象主要是资产阶级。他们还认为,国营经济越是发展,就越要排挤私营经济。在一些 The “Resolution on Certain Historical Issues of the Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China” correctly refers to the first historical period after the founding of People's Republic of China as the “transition from new democracy to socialism.” One of the important contents of this shift is that the national bourgeoisie has been transformed from an ally of the new-democratic revolution into an object of socialist revolution until it is eliminated. To explore the evolution of the CPC's policy toward national bourgeoisie during this period is not without merit in summing up the lessons of history. During the period before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, there emerged a “leftist” sentiment eager to crush capitalism and eliminate the bourgeoisie. In their view, the historical role of the national bourgeoisie has come to an end. The main targets of the struggle for the future are the bourgeoisie. They also think that the more a state-owned economy develops, the more it will crowd out the private economy. In some