目的对1例组织荚膜胞浆菌病(histoplasmosis)进行病原学诊断并分析组织荚膜胞浆菌的培养特征。方法取外周血液推片,瑞氏染色,进行初步诊断;将0.1 ml血样接种于5%兔血心脑浸液琼脂平板,37℃培养分离病原菌,再将分离出的单菌落涂片染色并做单菌落小培养(25℃湿盒培养),同时转种于沙保弱培养基平板,分别置于37℃和25℃湿盒培养至4周。将25℃沙保弱培养基平板的培养物挑丝状物转种沙保弱培养基平板,置37℃培养7 d,涂片染色观察。结果血涂片瑞氏染色可见单核细胞胞浆内有多个酵母样菌,菌周有未着色的空晕;血标本接种于兔血琼脂平板37℃培养24 h后形成乳白色酵母型菌落,菌周无溶血环,单菌落25℃培养3 d镜检有典型的菌丝;用沙保弱培养基25℃培养4周后出现明显的深入培养基的丝状物,将丝状物转种后置37℃培养,孢子转变成酵母样菌。结论该菌在25℃培养形成丝状型菌落,37℃培养为酵母型菌落,符合组织荚膜胞浆菌一般特征。病例被诊断为组织荚膜胞浆菌感染。 Objective To analyze the histopathology of one case of histoplasmosis and analyze its culture characteristics. Methods Peripheral blood prolactin and Wright’s stain were used for preliminary diagnosis. 0.1 ml blood samples were inoculated into 5% rabbit agar plates and cultured at 37 ℃ for isolation of pathogens. The single colony smears were stained and analyzed Single colony small culture (25 ℃ wet box culture), at the same time transplanted in sand weak medium plate were placed in 37 ℃ and 25 ℃ wet box to 4 weeks. The 25 ° C sand weak culture plate culture pick the thread-like seedlings were Shaba weak medium plate, set at 37 ℃ for 7 days, smear staining. Results Blood smear Wright’s staining showed that there were many yeast-like bacteria in the cytoplasm of mononuclear cells, and there was no colored halo in the periplasm of the mononuclear cells. The blood samples were inoculated into rabbit blood agar plates and cultured at 37 ℃ for 24 h to form milky white yeast- The bacteria-free hemolytic ring, a single colony cultured at 25 ℃ for 3 d microscopy typical mycelium; Sha Bao weak medium after 4 weeks of culture at 25 ℃ for a significant depth of the media filament, the silk seed After incubation at 37 ℃, spore transformed into yeast-like bacteria. Conclusion The strain was cultured at 25 ℃ to form filamentous colonies and cultured at 37 ℃ for yeast-type colonies, which accorded with the general characteristics of tissue-enveloped. Cases were diagnosed as Tissue capsular cytosolic infection.