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润湿性是固体表面的重要性质之一,其由表面化学组成和表面粗糙度共同决定。随着人们对润湿性研究的深入,实际应用领域对表面润湿性的要求也不再仅限于传统的亲/疏水性。由于润湿性梯度材料具有不同于单一润湿性材料的性能,近些年来受到越来越多的关注和研究。目前,大量的科学研究集中于探索利用表面化学梯度修饰或构筑表面结构梯度等方法获得具有润湿性梯度的表面材料,进一步研究表面能和结构梯度对材料性能的影响。介绍了润湿性梯度材料的研究现状、制备方法、研究进展及其在多领域中的应用。
Wettability is one of the important properties of solid surfaces, which is determined by both the surface chemistry and the surface roughness. With the further research of wettability, the requirement of wettability in the field of practical application is no longer limited to the traditional hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity. As wettability gradient materials have different properties than single wettability materials, more and more attention and research have been received in recent years. At present, a large amount of scientific research has focused on exploring the use of surface chemical grads to modify or construct the gradient of the surface structure to obtain the wettability gradient surface material, and further study the influence of surface energy and structure gradient on the material properties. The research status, preparation methods, research progress and application of wettability gradient materials in many fields are introduced.