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目的了解天津市食品和公共场所从业人群中戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)亚临床感染的流行趋势,旨在为戊型病毒性肝炎(戊肝)的预防和控制工作提供科学依据。方法对2010年3月—2012年12月期间在天津市疾病预防控制中心预防医学门诊部进行预防性健康检查者的资料进行统计分析,采用圆形分布法推算HEV亚临床感染的季节性特征。结果天津市食物和公共场所从业人群HEV亚临床感染存在一定的季节高峰(r=0.2270,P<0.01);此高峰平缓,高峰日为8月19日,高峰期为5月11日—11月28日。3年共检出HEV-IgM阳性者115人,HEV亚临床感染率为0.45%。食品行业从业人员HEV亚临床感染率明显高于公共场所,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.511,P<0.05)。结论天津市食品和公共场所从业人群HEV亚临床感染具有一定的季节性特征,并与受检者行业类别具有较为明显的相关性。因此,今后防控工作的重点应放在5—11月,采取综合性措施加大对食品行业从业人员HEV感染的防控力度,有效控制传染源,保护广大市民的身体健康。
Objective To understand the epidemiological trend of subclinical hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in food and public places in Tianjin, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis E virus. Methods The data of preventive health check-ups in preventive medicine clinic of Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention from March 2010 to December 2012 were statistically analyzed. The circular distribution method was used to calculate the seasonal characteristics of subclinical infection of HEV. Results There was a certain seasonal peak of subclinical HEV infection in food and public places in Tianjin (r = 0.2270, P <0.01). The peak was gentle with a peak day of August 19 and a peak day of May 11-November 28th. 115 were HEV-IgM positive in 3 years, and the sub-clinical infection rate of HEV was 0.45%. The sub-clinical infection rate of HEV in food industry was significantly higher than that in public places (χ2 = 6.511, P <0.05). Conclusion The subclinical infection of HEV in food and public places in Tianjin has some seasonal characteristics and has obvious correlation with the industry category of the subjects. Therefore, the future prevention and control work should focus on May-November, take comprehensive measures to increase prevention and control of HEV infection of food industry practitioners, effectively control the source of infection and protect the general public’s health.