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在不同电解条件下,研究纯KF熔体、纯NaF熔体及其复合电解质熔体中,碱金属(K、Na)在TiB2-C复合阴极中的渗透迁移行为及其引起的阴极电解膨胀。揭示影响阴极电解膨胀性能的主要因素,同时对阴极剖面进行元素微区分析。结果表明:在非极化以及不含铝的电解质熔体中,阴极不会发生膨胀;直接放电所生成的碱金属是造成阴极膨胀的主要因素,引起的阴极最大电解膨胀率可达20.40%;含钾电解质熔体中阴极的电解膨胀率远高于不含钾电解质熔体中阴极的电解膨胀率,最高超出35.13%;与纯钾盐相比,复合电解质对阴极的破坏作用降低;此外,无论是在极化条件还是在非极化条件下,含铝电解质熔体中阴极的电解膨胀率均大于不含铝电解质熔体中阴极的电解膨胀率;同时,在非极化条件下电解质熔体中加入铝后比极化条件下电解质熔体中加入铝后所引起的阴极电解膨胀的增加更为明显。
Under different electrolysis conditions, the migration and migration of alkali metals (K, Na) in TiB2-C composite cathode and the cathodic electrolysis expansion of pure KF melt, pure NaF melt and composite electrolyte melts were investigated. The main factors affecting the cathodic electrolytic expansion were revealed, and the elemental microanalysis of the cathode was carried out. The results show that the cathode does not swell in the nonpolarized and aluminum - free electrolyte melts. The direct discharge caused by the alkali metal is the main factor causing the cathode to expand, causing the maximum cathodic electrolysis expansion rate up to 20.40% Electrolytic swelling rate of cathodes in potassium-containing electrolyte was much higher than that of cathodes in potassium-free electrolyte, up to 35.13%. Compared with pure potassium salt, the destructive effect of composite electrolyte on cathodes was reduced. In addition, Electrolysis expansion rate of cathodes in aluminum electrolyte melts was higher than that of cathodes without aluminum electrolyte melts in both polarized and non-polarized conditions. Meanwhile, under non-polarized conditions, electrolyte melts After the addition of aluminum, the increase of cathodic electrolytic swelling caused by the addition of aluminum into the electrolyte melt under the polarization condition is more obvious.