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【目的】筛选高效降解木质素的菌株,并研究其以玉米秸秆为底物时木素降解酶活性。【方法】本研究以愈创木酚培养基和苯胺蓝培养基从吉林省不同经纬度的自然朽木及腐朽玉米秸秆土壤样品中分离、筛选得到高效降解木质素的菌株,并对其形态学鉴定,通过ITS序列分析构建系统发育树,分析菌株的分类地位。通过秸秆固体发酵过程产生的胞外木质素酶的活性分析,选出高效秸秆降解菌。【结果】筛选出1株高效降解秸秆的真菌,对其进行形态学特征和ITS序列分析,命名为白囊耙齿菌W2(Irpex lacteus W2)。该菌株在4–8 d内产生的锰过氧化物酶(Manganese peroxidase)呈上升趋势,并且在8 d达到峰值86.31 U/mL,与黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)的最高酶活力45.86 U/mL相比,高出了88.20%(P<0.01);该菌株的漆酶(Laccase)活力8 d时达到20.60 U/mL,比对照高40.76%(P<0.05)。【结论】本研究分离到一株具有较强降解秸秆能力的真菌,初步鉴定为Irpex lacteus W2,具有较强的降解秸秆能力,其降解秸秆过程中产生较高的锰过氧化物酶与漆酶活力。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to screen for strains that efficiently degraded lignin and to study its ligninolytic enzyme activity using corn stalk as substrate. 【Method】 In this study, guaiacol medium and aniline blue medium were separated from natural turf and decayed corn stalk soil samples at different latitudes and longitudes in Jilin Province. The strains with high efficiency of lignin degradation were screened and their morphological identification, Phylogenetic tree was constructed by ITS sequence analysis to analyze the taxonomic status of the strains. Through straw solid fermentation process of extracellular ligninase activity analysis, select efficient straw degradation bacteria. 【Result】 One strain of straw with high efficiency was screened, and its morphological characteristics and ITS sequence analysis were named as Irpex lacteus W2. Manganese peroxidase produced by this strain increased in 4-8 days and reached the peak of 86.31 U / mL on the 8th day. The maximum activity of this enzyme was in the same range as Phanerochaete chrysosporium 45.86 (P <0.01). The Laccase activity of this strain reached 20.60 U / mL at 8 d, 40.76% higher than that of the control (P <0.05). 【Conclusion】 In this study, a fungus with strong ability of degrading straw was isolated and initially identified as Irpex lacteus W2, which had strong ability of degrading straw and produced high manganese peroxidase and laccase vitality.