一、前言 控制金属腐蚀的方法很多,缓蚀剂的应用,就是其中之一。在炼油厂生产中,缓蚀剂也得到广泛的应用。例如为了减缓常减压塔顶冷凝冷却系统的腐蚀,现在通常采用在塔顶挥发线联合注氨和注缓蚀剂的方法。 缓蚀剂的作用在于它被吸附在金属表面,形成一层单分子的抗水性保护膜,遮蔽了金属表面,使其不与腐蚀性介质相接触,从而达到了防止金属腐蚀的目的。 目前炼油厂常压蒸馏装置所使用的缓蚀剂,大都属于有机缓蚀剂,种类很多。各种缓蚀剂因腐蚀环境的条件不同,其缓蚀效果有很大差别。例如有的缓蚀剂在低PH值的情况下效果较 I. Preface There are many ways to control metal corrosion. The application of corrosion inhibitor is one of them. In the refinery production, corrosion inhibitors have also been widely used. For example, in order to reduce the atmospheric and vacuum distillation tower condensation cooling system, now commonly used in the top of the volatile line injection of ammonia and injection of corrosion inhibitor method. Corrosion inhibitor role is that it is adsorbed on the metal surface, forming a single layer of water-resistant protective film, shielding the metal surface, so that it does not come into contact with corrosive media, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing metal corrosion. At present, the corrosion inhibitors used in the distillation units of oil refineries are mostly organic corrosion inhibitors and have many kinds. Corrosion of various corrosion inhibitors due to different conditions, the corrosion effect is very different. For example, some corrosion inhibitors in the case of low PH value more effective