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陶瓷喷嘴是氩气雾化法制备高温合金粉末装置的关键部件之一。为改善喷嘴的性能和降低合金粉末中的非金属夹杂,对喷嘴的结构和选材进行了研究。根据喷嘴的使用条件,在Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-TiO_2系材料中进行了选材。本文对不同工艺制备的喷嘴性能和使用效果进行了对比试验。结果表明:①Al_2O_3-ZrO_2系中引入微量TiO_2(<1％wt),可促进材料的烧结。②Al_2O_3或Al_2O_3-TiO_2系中引入细分散的ZrO_2(<1μm),将由于ZrO_2的马氏体相变,使基体产生裂纹,从而改善韧性。③在Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-TiO_2:系或Al_2O_3-ZrO_2系中,ZrO_2含量为20％wt时,抗热震性能最佳。④Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-TiO_2系喷嘴的使用效果,超过国外引进的Al_2O_3基喷嘴。
The ceramic nozzle is one of the key components for the preparation of high temperature alloy powder by argon atomization. In order to improve the performance of the nozzle and reduce non-metallic inclusions in the alloy powder, the nozzle structure and material selection were studied. According to the conditions of the nozzle, the material was selected in the Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -TiO 2 system. In this paper, different process nozzle performance and the use of the results of a comparative test. The results show that: (1) The introduction of trace amount of TiO_2 (<1% wt) into the Al_2O_3-ZrO_2 system can promote the sintering of the material. (2) The finely dispersed ZrO 2 (<1 μm) is introduced into Al 2 O 3 or Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2 system to improve the toughness due to the martensite transformation of ZrO 2 and the crack of the matrix. ③ In the Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-TiO_2 system or Al_2O_3-ZrO_2 system, the thermal shock resistance is the best when the content of ZrO_2 is 20% wt. ④ The effect of using Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-TiO_2 is more than that of Al_2O_3-based nozzle introduced abroad.