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目的通过了解上海市虹口区尘肺病发病规律和特征,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法于2014年收集1955—2013年上海市虹口区诊断的尘肺病患者信息,采用SPSS 16.0软件对相关数据进行整理和分析。结果 1955—2013年共诊断尘肺病446例;其种类分布相对集中,矽肺283例,占63.45%;铸工尘肺119例,占26.68%;石棉肺30例,占6.73%;其他尘肺14例,占3.14%。1970—1980年尘肺发病呈上升趋势,90年代明显减少。尘肺病患者平均发病年龄和发病工龄均随时间的推移而增加。结论应重视尘肺病的防治工作,加强生产性粉尘接触者的健康监护。
Objective To understand the rules and characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Hongkou District of Shanghai and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods The information of pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed in Hongkou District, Shanghai from 1955 to 2013 was collected in 2014, and SPSS 16.0 software was used to organize and analyze the relevant data. Results A total of 446 cases of pneumoconiosis were diagnosed between 1955 and 2013; 283 cases were silicosis, accounting for 63.45%; 119 cases were foundry pneumoconiosis, accounting for 26.68%; 30 cases were asbestosis, accounting for 6.73%; 14 cases were other pneumoconiosis, accounting for 3.14%. The incidence of pneumoconiosis increased from 1970 to 1980 and decreased significantly in the 1990s. The average age of onset and length of sickness among patients with pneumoconiosis increased over time. Conclusion The prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis should be emphasized, and the health guardianship of productive dust contacts should be strengthened.