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目的探讨大鼠迷走神经膈神经移位重建与高位颈髓损伤大鼠膈肌功能的解剖学研究。方法选取健康成年雄性大鼠10只为研究对象,在手术显微镜下对大鼠迷走神经及双侧膈神经进行解剖,用数字显微镜测量大鼠膈神经直径及测量各平面直径。结果大鼠颈部迷走神经直径为(0.3250±0.0014)mm以及膈神经直径为(0.2267±0.0174)mm,两者距离相对较近,两者无论在锁骨上平面还是膈神经主干起始平面平均距离不大于2.5mm。在“入膈肌平面”迷走神经直径为(0.2912±0.0321)mm,膈神经直径为(0.2798±0.0154)mm,两者相对距离较颈部远,左侧距离为(8.760±0.871)mm,右侧距离为(6.124±0.912)mm。结论在入膈肌平面,膈神经与迷走神经的直径大致相同,当两者相差距离较大时,将膈神经与迷走神经往同一方向移至一定距离后可完成两者的无力缝合,同时在颈部,膈神经与迷走神经的直径相差较大,两者距离相对较接近,并且两者可实现无张力缝合。
Objective To investigate the anatomical study of diaphragmatic muscle function in rats with vagus nerve phrenic transposition and high cervical spinal cord injury. Methods Ten healthy adult male rats were selected as experimental subjects. The vagus nerve and bilateral phrenic nerve were dissected under the operation microscope. The diameter of the phrenic nerve was measured by digital microscope and the diameter of each plane was measured. Results The diameter of the vagus nerve in the neck of the rats was (0.3250 ± 0.0014) mm and the diameter of the phrenic nerve was (0.2267 ± 0.0174) mm, the distance between the two was relatively close. The average distances between the two sides of the supraclavicular plane or the initial plane of the phrenic nerve trunk Greater than 2.5mm. The diameter of the vagus nerve was (0.2912 ± 0.0321) mm and the diameter of the phrenic nerve was (0.2798 ± 0.0154) mm in the plane of the diaphragm. The distance between the two was far from the neck and the distance to the left was (8.760 ± 0.871) mm The lateral distance is (6.124 ± 0.912) mm. Conclusions Diaphragmatic nerve and vagal nerve have roughly the same diameter when they enter the diaphragm. When the distance between the phrenic nerve and the vagus nerve is large, the phrenic nerve and the vagus nerve can be moved to the same direction to a certain distance to complete the weak suture between the two. At the same time, Diaphragmatic nerve and vagus nerve diameter difference between the two relatively close, and the two can be achieved without tension suture.