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珊瑚礁对于很多人,特别是发展中国家沿海地区的人口来说是一种非常重要的资源。有关斯里兰卡和东南亚珊瑚礁的有效信息已被用来评价珊瑚礁所提供的生态作用和从一些生态系统功能中所得到的长期的经济效益。据估计,斯里兰卡珊瑚礁的经济价值为20年时间里每平方公里礁的价值为14万～7500万美元。在调查了开采珊瑚的经济后果并分析了经营20多年的旅游区后发现,其经济成本(11万～736万美元)超过净收益(75万～167万美元)661万美元之多。最大成本和旅游业(200万～300万美元)的衰落和侵蚀(100万～400万美元)的增加有关。然而,由于从短期的角度来看,从开采珊瑚中得到的利益比从捕鱼和农业中得到的还多,所以在农村,仍然有开采珊瑚的刺激。这些结果对于管理会产生一定的影响并且还表明,通过立法来禁止沿海地区开采珊瑚礁的行为,对国家的经济发展有好处。
Coral reefs are a very important resource for the population of many, especially in the coastal areas of developing countries. Valid information on coral reefs in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia has been used to assess the ecological role provided by coral reefs and the long-term economic benefits derived from some ecosystem functions. It is estimated that the economic value of coral reefs in Sri Lanka is 140,000 to 75 million U.S. dollars per square kilometer for 20 years. After investigating the economic consequences of mining corals and analyzing tourist areas operating for more than 20 years, they found that their economic costs ($ 110,000- $ 7,360,000) exceeded net income ($ 750,000 to $ 1.67 million) by $ 6.61 million. The biggest cost is related to the decline in tourism (2 million to 3 million U.S. dollars) and erosion (1 million to 4 million U.S. dollars). However, there is still stimulus to coral mining in rural areas, as the benefits derived from extracting coral from the short term are more than those derived from fishing and agriculture. These results have had some impact on management and have also shown that legislation prohibiting the exploitation of coral reefs in the coastal areas is good for the country’s economic development.