“民以食为天,食以粮为先”。作为关系国计民生的重要战略资源,粮食安全问题一直是中国政府大力关注的首要问题。从建国初期就开始对粮食流通体制进行改革,先后经历了“统购统销”“合同定购”“保价放量”等阶段。九十年代以来,在中国市场经济体制确立之后,粮食生产和粮食价格中市场配置资源的机制逐渐形成,粮食保护价收购政策、最低收购价以及临时收储政策等先后成为保障粮食生产、稳定粮食市场价格的重要举措。 “People eat food, eat food first ”. As an important strategic resource concerning the national economy and people’s livelihood, the issue of food security has always been the primary issue that the Chinese government pays great attention to. From the early days of the founding of the PRC, the system of grain circulation began to be reformed. It has undergone several phases such as “unified purchase and marketing”, “ordering of orders”, “keeping the price of insurance premiums” and so on. Since the 1990s, after the establishment of the market economy system in China, a mechanism has gradually taken shape for the market to allocate resources in grain production and grain prices. The policy of purchasing grain protection prices, the minimum purchase price and the policy of temporary purchase and storage have successively become the key measures for ensuring food production and stabilizing grain Market price of important initiatives.