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受海平面上升和海岸带人类活动加剧的双重胁迫,国内外滨海湿地退化严重。海岸挤迫(coastal squeeze)现象研究成为国内外学者研究滨海湿地退化或丧失的重要方向之一。基于国内外相关文献,总结了滨海湿地对海平面上升的适应机制,阐释了海岸挤迫的成因、表现和影响,列举了不同代表性国家因海岸挤迫造成的湿地受损情况,以及相应的评估方法和应对策略。综述海岸挤迫现象的成因、影响和对策,可以为气候变化背景下中国滨海湿地的保护、恢复和修复提供借鉴。
Under the dual coercion of rising sea levels and intensified human activities in coastal areas, the coastal wetlands at home and abroad have been seriously degraded. The study of coastal squeeze phenomenon has become one of the most important directions for domestic and foreign scholars to study on the degradation or loss of coastal wetlands. Based on the relevant literature both at home and abroad, the adaptation mechanism of coastal wetlands to sea level rise is summarized. The causes, effects and impacts of coastal intrusion are explained. The wetland damage caused by coastal intrusion in different representative countries is also illustrated. Assessment methods and coping strategies. To summarize the causes, impacts and countermeasures of overcrowding on the coast can provide reference for the protection, restoration and restoration of China’s coastal wetlands under the background of climate change.