目前,里海地区国家出产的石油多数通过俄罗斯管道出口到国际市场。然而,这些管道运输能力相当有限,每天输油能力总共不到16万桶,加之俄方征收高额的过境费用,因此,这些国家及其在当地投资的国际石油公司迫切希望另择管道输出路线,使输出渠道多元化,于是出现了以下4种方案。西线方案为确保战略能源生命线的控制,遏制俄罗斯在里海地区的传统势力影响,以美国为代表的西方国家竭 At present, most of the oil produced in the Caspian Sea countries is exported through Russian pipelines to the international market. However, the capacity of these pipelines is quite limited, with a total capacity of less than 160,000 barrels of oil per day, and Russia imposes high transit costs. Therefore, these countries and their internationally invested companies are desperate to choose the pipeline output route. The diversification of output channels led to the following four scenarios. The West Route program ensures the control of the strategic energy lifeline and curbs the influence of Russia’s traditional forces in the Caspian Sea region. The Western countries represented by the United States are exhausted.