经济发展的状况归根结蒂取决于生产力水平的高低，而生产力水平的提高又以分工的扩展为前提（生产力和分工的这种关系，在马克思的《资本论》中具有定理的性质）。分工一方面使每个人的专业化生产和自身多样化消费发生矛盾；另一方面又使每个人不能单独生产一种产品。前者需要 The state of economic development, in the final analysis, depends on the level of the productive forces. The improvement of the productive forces, on the other hand, is based on the extension of the division of labor (the relationship between productivity and division of labor, which has the theorem in Marx’s Capital Theory). On the one hand, division of labor causes the contradiction between the specialized production of each individual and its own diversified consumption; on the other hand, it makes everyone unable to produce a single product. The former needs