在撞击、空气冲击波、强烈的热辐射影响或炸药爆轰等原因引起的冲击载荷下,材料可能出现断裂与破碎。模拟材料的这些破坏过程,需要波传播的计算机程序(除了十分简单的问题之外)及材料在冲击条件下发生断裂与破碎的准则。本文概述这类破坏准则,叙述选择适当准则的方法,并说明在波传播的计算程序中,怎样执行该准则。在 The material may fracture and crumble under impact loads caused by impacts, air shock waves, intense heat radiation effects or detonations of explosives. These destructive processes that simulate materials require wave propagation computer programs (except for very simple questions) and guidelines for the fracture and fragmentation of materials under impact conditions. This article outlines such vandalism, describes how to select the appropriate guidelines, and explains how to implement it in wave propagation computational procedures. in