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目的分析2009-2012年广州市黄埔区居民的主要死亡原因,了解居民健康状况,为制定疾病预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法收集《国家疾病监测死因登记报告信息系统》中广州市黄埔区2009-2012年户籍居民死亡病例数据,采用描述流行病学方法、运用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析,计算人群粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因构成、平均期望寿命等指标。结果广州市黄埔区2009-2012年居民平均死亡率476.37/10万(标化死亡率322.69/10万),其中男性平均死亡率为527.46/10万(标化死亡率401.98/10万),女性平均死亡率为417.43/10万(标化死亡率243.91/10万),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2009-2010年黄埔区居民平均期望寿命80.31岁,其中男性为78.57岁,女性为82.18岁。死亡率前5位的死因依次为恶性肿瘤、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、脑血管病和诊断不明性疾病,占全死因构成的76.72%;死因监测三大类分析中慢性病占总死亡原因的79.52%。结论黄埔区居民的死亡以慢性疾病为主,其中恶性肿瘤是危害居民健康的主要疾病和死因,对居民进行肿瘤防治知识普及、预防和干预是今后工作的重点。
Objective To analyze the main causes of death of residents in Huangpu District of Guangzhou from 2009 to 2012, understand the residents’ health status and provide a scientific basis for formulating disease prevention and control strategies. Methods Data of deaths of hukou residents aged from 2009 to 2012 in Huangpu District of Guangzhou City were collected and analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological method and SPSS17.0 software for statistical analysis to calculate the crude mortality rate Death rate, the cause of death, the average life expectancy and other indicators. Results The average death rate was 476.37 / 100 000 (standardized rate was 322.69 / 100 000) in 2009-2012 in Huangpu District of Guangzhou City, of which the average male death rate was 527.46 / 100000 (the standardized mortality rate was 401.98 / 100000) The average death rate was 417.43 / 100000 (normalized mortality 243.91 / 100000), the difference between the two was statistically significant (P <0.05). The average life expectancy of residents in Huangpu District from 2009 to 2010 was 80.31 years, of which 78.57 were men and 82.18 were women. Among the top five deaths, the cause of death was malignant tumor, heart disease, respiratory system disease, cerebrovascular disease and unknown diagnosis disease, accounting for 76.72% of the total death causes. In the three major types of death monitoring, chronic diseases accounted for 79.52 %. Conclusion The death of residents in Huangpu District is dominated by chronic diseases. Among them, malignant tumor is the main disease and cause of death that endanger the health of residents. It is the focus of future work to popularize the prevention, prevention and intervention of residents.