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目的:研究代谢综合征（MS）与女性乳腺癌发病风险关联。方法:基于“开滦女性动态队列”，于2006年5月至2015年12月，纳入25 618名开滦集团在职及离退休女性职工为研究对象，并进行随访。采用问卷调查、身体测量和实验室检测的方法收集基线社会人口学特征、身高、体重、血糖、血脂、血压及肿瘤发病结局信息。采用Cox比例风险回归模型分析MS及其组分（体重指数、血压、血糖、血脂）与女性乳腺癌发病风险的关系。结果:25 618名研究对象年龄为（47.65±12.02）岁，中位随访时间为8.78年；乳腺癌新发病例为235例，发病密度为113.19/10万人年。调整年龄、教育程度、经济收入、吸烟状态、饮酒状态等因素后，与体重指数正常者相比，超重或肥胖者的乳腺癌发病风险较高，n HR（95%n CI）值为1.47（1.12~1.93）；与无MS异常组分相比，具有2个MS异常组分的女性乳腺癌发病风险增加（n HR=1.70，95%n CI：1.16~2.50）；随着MS异常组分个数的增加，乳腺癌发病风险逐渐增加（n P趋势<0.05）。n 结论:超重/肥胖、MS异常组分的个数均可增加女性乳腺癌发病风险。“,”Objective:To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and the risk of breast cancer in Chinese females.Methods:From May 2006 to December 2015, based on the Kailuan Women′s Dynamic Cohort,a total of 25 618 female employees and retirees of the Kailuan Group were included and followed. Questionnaire surveys, physical measurements and laboratory tests were used to collect baseline sociodemographic characteristics, height, weight, blood glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure, tumor incidence and outcome information. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the relationship between MS and its components (body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid) and the risk of breast cancer in females.Results:The age of 25 618 women was (47.65±12.02) years old and median follow-up time was 8.78 years; 235 new cases of breast cancer were detected, and the incidence density was 113.19/100 000 person-years. After adjusting for age, education, income, smoking status, drinking status and other factors, people who were overweight or obese had a higher risk of breast cancer, with n HR (95%n CI) about 1.47 (1.12-1.93), than those with normal body mass index. Compared with those without MS abnormal components, women with two MS abnormal components had an increased risk of breast cancer (n HR=1.70, 95%n CI: 1.16-2.50). With the increase of the number of MS abnormal components, the risk of breast cancer increased gradually (n Ptrend value<0.05).n Conclusion:Overweight/obesity and the number of abnormal components of MS can increase the risk of breast cancer in women.