量化了金属矿露天开采的生态成本,包括直接生态服务价值损失、间接生态服务价值损失、预防和恢复成本以及能耗产生的碳排放成本。通过迭代算法把这些生态成本纳入境界优化,并以实例应用说明生态成本对境界设计结果的影响。结果表明,在矿山设计中内生化生态成本是可能的。考虑生态成本使境界优化结果变得很保守,盈利也大幅度降低。 Quantify the ecological cost of open-pit mining, including loss of value of direct ecosystem services, loss of value of indirect ecosystem services, prevention and recovery costs, and carbon emissions from energy consumption. The ecological costs are incorporated into the realm optimization through iterative algorithm, and the impact of the ecological cost on the realm design results is illustrated with examples. The results show that endogenous ecological costs in mine design are possible. Considering the ecological cost, the result of the optimization of the realm becomes very conservative, and the profit is greatly reduced.