高血压是指以体循环动脉血压增高为主的临床综合征。根据发病机理,可将高血压分为原发性高血压和继发性高血压两大类。原发性高血压即高血压病,继发性高血压又称症状性高血压。临床上原发性高血压占极大多数,而症状性高血压仅占5～10％。世界卫生组织(WHO)规定,收缩压≥21.3kPa(160毫米汞柱)及(或)舒张压≥12.7kPa(95毫米汞柱)为高血压;≤18.7/12.0kPa(140/90毫米汞柱)为 Hypertension is the clinical syndrome characterized by systemic arterial hypertension. According to the pathogenesis, hypertension can be divided into two categories of essential hypertension and secondary hypertension. Hypertension is essential hypertension, secondary hypertension, also known as symptomatic hypertension. Clinically, essential hypertension accounts for the vast majority, while symptomatic hypertension accounts for only 5 to 10%. The World Health Organization (WHO) stipulates that systolic blood pressure ≥21.3 kPa (160 mm Hg) and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥12.7 kPa (95 mm Hg) for hypertension; ≤18.7 / 12.0 kPa (140/90 mm Hg )for