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本文利用土壤流失方程式的计算机应用程序[1],模拟计算吉林省榆树和德惠两市黄土质黑土坡耕地在不同管理利用方式下的土壤流失强度。结果表明,黑土种植玉米降雨流失量在4～45 t/hm2·a之间。种植大豆流失量高出玉米一倍。流失量随耕地坡度加大和A层变薄而增加。吉林黑土A层厚度正在逐渐下降,下降幅度因土种和管理方式而异,范围在0.5～4.5mm/a。种植玉米,吉林省黑土每年会流失830×104t表土,相当于流失近20×104t有机物质。种植大豆会使土壤和有机质流失量加倍。与传统的耕作方式模拟对比,保护性耕作可以显著降低吉林黑土的流失量。
In this paper, we use the computer program of soil loss equation [1] to simulate the soil erosion intensity under different management and utilization of loessial black soil in Yushu and Dehui cities, Jilin Province. The results showed that the amount of rainfall loss in corn planting in black soil ranged from 4 to 45 t / hm2 · a. The loss of growing soybeans doubled that of corn. The loss increases with the slope of cultivated land and the thinning of layer A. The thickness of layer A in Jilin black soil is gradually decreasing, which is different from soil type and management mode, ranging from 0.5 to 4.5mm / a. Planting corn, Jilin Province, the annual loss of 830 × 104t black soil, equivalent to the loss of nearly 20 × 104t organic matter. Planting soybeans double the amount of soil and organic matter lost. Compared with the traditional tillage simulation, conservation tillage can significantly reduce the amount of black soil loss in Jilin.