Objective: To investigate the relation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression with angiogenesis and cell proliferation in malignant glioma in children. Methods: Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of VEGF, microvessel quantity (MVQ) and PCNA Labeling Index (PCNA LI)in 33 malignant gliomas in children Results: Positive staining for VEGF was obtained in 23 out of the 33 cases (69.7%). The MVQ and PCNA LI in VEFG-positive tumors were significantly higher than those in VEGFnegative tumors (P＜0.005). The expression of VEGF in tumor tissues was significantly correlative with MVQ and PCNA LI (r=0.52 and 0.37, respectively, P＜0.001).Conclusion: VEGF can be synthesized in tumor cells of malignant glioma in children which might play a significant role in angiogenesis and cell proliferation in the tumor.