近几年外贸企业的经济效益出现了下降的趋势。亏损逐年增加,加重了国家财政的负担。外贸企业亏损增加的重要原因之一,就是在经营过程中,没有充分重视资金的时间价值。例如: 一、出口结汇收款不及时。当前,出口企业的货物装运不及时,装卸效率低,货物往往要在码头上堆放好几天甚至几星期才装船完毕;在取得装运提单后又没有及时到银行办理结汇手续;结汇单证到了银行,又需要数日时间才审理完毕,才向国外办理收款。以即期L/C(使用证)向香港地区收美元款的。约需30天时间,向国外收款的就更长了。二、不少出口企业为了达到成交的目的,采用了国际贸易中较少用的D/P(付款交单)和D/A(承兑交单)等结算方式,使我方不但在利息上受 In recent years, the economic benefits of foreign trade companies have declined. Losses have increased year by year, adding to the country’s financial burden. One of the important reasons for the increase in losses of foreign trade companies is that they do not pay enough attention to the time value of funds in the business process. For example: First, the export settlement of payments is not timely. At present, the shipments of exporting companies are not timely, and the efficiency of loading and unloading is low. The goods are often piled on the wharf for several days or even several weeks before they are loaded; after the shipment bill of lading is obtained, they have not gone to the bank to process the foreign exchange settlement; the settlement documents have arrived. It takes a few days for the bank to complete the trial before processing the payment abroad. With the current L/C (use permit) to receive US dollars in Hong Kong. It takes about 30 days and it will take longer to collect money from abroad. Second, many export companies have adopted settlement methods such as D/P (payment documents) and D/A (acceptance documents), which are less frequently used in international trade, in order to achieve the purpose of closing transactions, so that our company is not only subject to interest.