论文部分内容阅读
近几年,我们对杉木普遍生长衰退及杉苗死亡进行研究,新发现了杉木半穿刺线虫病,病原线虫鉴定为Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb。通过定点定时定量系统观测,该线虫在福建年发生10代左右,种群数量自然消长与气温星正相关,与杉木根萌发相一致,单卵培养计测,雌雄比为56:1,线虫最高发育温度为35℃,卵的致死温度为40℃。林地对比定时定量调查表明,虫口密度南坡最大,并随林龄增加而增大。在土壤中垂直分布可达1.2m,而30—40cm土层中虫口数最大,杉木与阔叶树混交较纯杉林虫口数下降26—72％。通过生理生化试验测出,病、健根的呼吸强度、N、P、K和蛋白质含量、酶的活性均差异明显。从病根分离和纯化真菌区系,经对比接种,发现线虫寄生利于镰刀菌入侵。病菌经40—50℃温水浸根10—15min可直接杀死线虫。分别将每亩3kg呋喃丹,6kg甲胺磷,2kg涕灭威用于区组、盆栽和大面积防治,效果为70—80％,发现新寄主还有柳杉和野柿子。
In recent years, we have studied the general decline of Chinese fir and the death of Chinese fir seedlings. We have newly discovered the Chinese ciliates of Chinese fir and the pathogen is identified as Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb. Through the fixed-point timed quantitative system observation, the nematode occurred about 10 generations in Fujian. The natural population growth and decline was positively correlated with the temperature of the Chinese fir. It was consistent with the germination of Chinese fir root. The ratio of male to female was 56: 1, The temperature is 35 ° C and the lethal temperature of eggs is 40 ° C. Quantitative forest timed quantitative survey showed that the population density of the southern slope of the largest, and increases with age. Vertical distribution in the soil up to 1.2m, while 30-40cm soil layer in the largest number of insects, fir and broad-leaved tree mixed pure beetle population decreased by 26-72%. Physiological and biochemical tests showed that there were significant differences in respiratory intensity, N, P, K, protein content and enzyme activity between disease and healthy roots. Isolation and purification of the fungal flora from the diseased root, compared with inoculation, found that nematode parasites conducive to Fusarium invasion. Bacteria by 40-50 ℃ warm water soaking root 10-15min can kill nematodes directly. Respectively, 3kg carbofuran per acre, 6kg methamidophos, 2kg aldicarb for the block, potted and large areas of prevention and treatment, the effect of 70-80%, found that the new host also Cryptomeria and wild persimmon.