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不可逆污染是影响超滤技术在水处理领域推广的重要因素。选取三种粉末活性炭A、B、C作为吸附剂进行膜前预处理后,通过进行浸没式超滤膜污染试验,考察活性炭吸附对超滤膜不可逆污染的控制作用,并分析活性炭的物理化学性质及其对天然有机物的吸附效果与控制不可逆膜污染之间的关系,探讨活性炭吸附前处理对不可逆膜污染的影响机理。试验表明,活性炭吸附对超滤膜不可逆污染有一定的控制作用,三种活性炭对不可逆膜污染的控制效果为A≈B>C;而三种活性炭对原水中有机物的吸附效果顺序为A>B>C,说明活性炭对水中天然有机物的整体吸附性能并不能完全反映其控制不可逆膜污染的效果。进一步分析活性炭理化性质后发现,针对东江原水,活性炭的比表面积、中孔结构以及表面酸性和碱性基团的数量,均影响活性炭吸附前处理控制不可逆膜污染的效果。
Irreversible pollution is an important factor affecting the promotion of ultrafiltration in the field of water treatment. Three kinds of powdered activated carbons A, B, C were selected as pre-membrane pretreatment, and the effect of activated carbon adsorption on the irreversible pollution of ultrafiltration membrane was investigated by immersion ultrafiltration membrane. The physico-chemical properties of activated carbon And its relationship between the adsorption of natural organic matter and the control of irreversible membrane fouling. The mechanism of the pretreatment on the irreversible membrane fouling was discussed. The results showed that the adsorption of activated carbon had some control on the irreversible pollution of UF membrane. The control effect of three kinds of activated carbon on the irreversible membrane pollution was A≈B> C. The order of adsorption of organic matter by three kinds of activated carbon was A> B > C, indicating that the overall adsorption of activated carbon on natural organic matter in water does not fully reflect the effect of controlling irreversible membrane fouling. Further analysis of physical and chemical properties of activated carbon found that the specific surface area, mesoporous structure and the number of acidic and basic groups on the surface of the Dongjiang raw water and activated carbon all affect the effect of activated carbon pretreatment to control irreversible membrane fouling.